An Approach to Patient with Chorea: A Case Report

Chorea is a movement disorder that causes involuntary, unpredictable body movements. It is one of a group of neurological disorders called dyskinesias which is abnormal, uncontrolled, involuntary movement. It can affect one body part, such as an arm, leg or the head, or it can spread over the entire body. Chorea is the rarest disorder and can also effect to one side of body such as chorea of one arm but not both and is referred as hemichorea. Pathophysiology of chorea is somewhat complex and results from dysfunction of network between motor nucleus of thalamus and subcortical nuclei including globus pallidus interna. It is caused genetically or may be acquired. Huntington’s disease is most common genetic cause of chorea. Clinical manifestations of hungtintons disease are mainly neurological and psychiatric. Diagnosis of chorea is mainly clinical and family history is important in diagnosis of genetic causes of chorea. Neuroimaging may also help in the diagnosis. Metabolic disorders and some drugs are very important causes of Non-genetic chorea. There is no standard course of treatment for chorea. Treatment depends on the type of chorea and the associated disease. Although there are many drugs that can control it, no cure has yet been identified. Among which includes penicillin prophylaxis and drugs such as sodium valproate and carbamazepine. Here we are reporting a case of 12-year-old female with chief complaints of involuntary movements of hands, feet, which was diagnosed as Chorea based on MRI Scan where it was observed that a ring was formed in the left cerebral hemisphere.