Prospective Observational Study of Chronic Kidney Disease, its Prescription Pattern and Risk Factors in Patients with Pre-Existing Comorbidities in Tertiary Care Hospital

Objectives: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the major health concerns all over the world. Our study provides a clarified view for epidemiology in hospital settings identifies risk factors associated with Pre-existing co-morbidities and studies the prescribing pattern of chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the inpatient general medicine department of a tertiary care hospital. Total 210 patients were studied over period of 6 months for epidemiological studies of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and existing comorbidities, the prescribing pattern of CKD and risk factors associated with comorbidities. The prescription pattern was assessed using KIDGO guidelines for the treatment of CKD and drugs are classified by ATC classification. Results: The study included 210 patients of chronic kidney disease with comorbidities reported 62% male and 38% female. Socio-epidemiological studies show more prevalence in urban than rural and the most commonly observed risk factors associated were hyper-tension and diabetes. Laboratory reports analyzed showed fluctuation levels throughout the stages. Complications include diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephropathy and mostly anemia is a major concern. The total prescription contains 3360 drugs out of which 2308 were from the WHO essential drug list. The average drug prescribed to patients was 16-17 drugs. And antimicrobial drugs per prescription were found to be 3-4. In renal transplantation analysis recurrence of CKD is observed. Conclusion: The results were significant and provide a precise view of the prevalence and risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease. Prescriptions pattern quantifies use of the high potential drugs.