Unveiling Tuberculosis through Retrospective Cross-Sectional Studies: A Prevalence Analysis

Background: Age group and gender which are at high risk for tuberculosis and types of concomitant diseases. Objectives: To analysis the demographic data and concomitant illness in tuberculosis patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done on tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care hospital. A total number of 250 Patients were analyzed and selected on the basis of demographic (age, sex and body weight) and concomitant illness. Results: The age range of 21 to 30 years old was found to have the highest number of TB cases (38%). Male patients who smoke regularly were shown to have a higher prevalence of tuberculosis (75.2%) than female patients (24.8%). additionally, associated illnesses were discovered, such as 12.8% for TB+HIV, 58.8% for TB+DM, 15.6% for TB+HTN, 4.8% for TB+DM+HTN, and 8% for tuberculosis alone. Conclusion: Finally, we reached to the conclusion of those populations with unsafe housing, smoking, drug abuse and immune deficiencies likely to have a high prevalence of TB. Concomitant diseases that were determined to have the highest incidence with TB were Diabetes (58.8%) and Hypertension (15.6%). As is well known, TB is an opportunistic infection that is more common or more severe in those immune systems have been weakened, hence increasing the risk of TB in patients having HIV. We concluded from this data that men are more likely than women to contract TB (72% vs 28%).