Economics of Non-Communicable Diseases: Case Study of South Africa and India

The burden of Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is one of the vital factors that is currently affecting most of the developing countries. NCDs accounted for 68% of worldwide deaths in 2012 and nearly three fourth of these deaths occurred in low and middle-income countries. The efforts of developing countries towards eradication of poverty and achievement of sustainable development is currently hindered due to significant loss in productivity caused by NCDs related premature deaths and treatment. South Africa and India are confronted with various health and developmental issues. Being a highly populated country, India faces a great challenge from NCDs as it mainly affects the most productive age group, which results in a heavy absolute economic burden. South Africa is faced with the problem of quadruple burden of diseases along with the problem of high incidence of poverty and inequality. Being resource-scarce economies, increasing expenses on health sector will adversely affect the availability of resources for other sectors in these countries. Both South Africa and India have initiated steps to combat the burden of NCDs in line with Global targets set by WHO. If appropriate actions are not initiated to prevent NCDs, it will further increase poverty and widen inequality. In view of this a holistic approach involving all the sectors of the economy, including community to work together, is essential to address the challenges of NCDs.