Scientific Evaluation of Anti-obesity Potential of Methanolic Leaves extract of Ocimum sanctum (Linn.) in Monosodium Glutamate - High Fat Diet Induced Obese Mice

Background: obesity is the deposition of body fat mass from the imbalance between calorie intake and vitality consumption. The metabolic syndrome brings the risk of health hazards like type-2diabetes, stroke and cardiovascular disease. Objectives: To evaluate the anti-obesity activity of methanolic extract of Ocimum sanctum leaves in monosodium glutamate (MSG) and high-fat diet (HFD) induced mice. Materials and Methods: To study the anti-obesity activity, free radical scavenging activity by DPPH, total phenolic content estimation, total flavonoid content and body weight were done. Group-1: Normal mice which developed in normal condition and give normal diet, Group-2: Obese mice which were given MSG-HFD (monosodium glutamate-high-fat diet), Group-3: HFD+MSG, induced obese administered with standard drug Ayurslim Tablets (20mg/kg/day, for 21 days), Group-4: Obese mice treated with methanolic extract of Ocimum sanctum (Linn) (20mg/kg/day, IP as for 21 days). After the completion of the experimental period the body weight, waist-hip ratio, food intake, organ weight and adipose tissue weight were estimated in experimental groups of animals. Biochemical parameters like (AST, ALT, VLDL, HDL, triglycerides, cholesterol), as well as histological examination, were done. Results: The obtained results revealed a significant decrease in body weight, waist-hip ratio, periepididymal fat, changes in food intake, liver weight, adipose tissue weight, Biochemical parameters SGOT, SGPT, Blood glucose level, TG and LDL, VLDL when compared with an obese control group. Conclusion: Ocimum sanctum has shown significant antioxidant activity which was confirmed by in-vitro methods. There was likewise a huge diminishing in body weight, fat mass, waist circumference and organ weight (Liver), biochemical parameters which were confirmed by in-vivo evaluation of Ocimum sanctum. From the present study, the chosen herbal has the potential for anti-obesity therapy.