Development of Green Coffee Beans Extract Loaded Anti-aging Liposomal Gel

Background: Green beans of Coffee arabica L. Family: Rubiacea are rich source of polyphenols that prevents the oxidative damage to the skin. In this study, Liposomes were formulated as drug carrier to enhance the skin permeability of polyphenols for topical administration. Materials and Methods: Extracts of green coffee beans were prepared by varying the ratios of methanol and water. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant evaluation was conducted on all the extracts to choose the best extract for further studies. The cytotoxicity potential (MTT assay) and anti-elastase activity of chosen extract was evaluated on L929 cell lines using flow cytometer. The liposomes of the extract was prepared by thin film hydration method and optimized by varying the phosphatidylcholine to cholesterol ratio and gradually increasing the amount of extract. Liposomal formulation was converted into gel using carbopol ® 974P as gelling agent. The prepared liposomal suspension and liposomal gel was evaluated for various formulation parameters. Results: The results of phytochemical analysis, in vitro antioxidant assays and in vitro evaluation on L929 cell lines concluded that 25% methanolic extract was nontoxic with highest phenolic content and exhibited good antielastase activity. The encapsulation efficiency of chlorogenic acid in the optimized liposomal formulation was 75%. The liposomal gel showed sustained release of the drug upto 12 hr compared to 6-7 hr of conventional formulation. Conclusion: The formulated green coffee bean extract loaded liposomal based gel may serve as potential carrier for antiaging effects.