Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Effects of Polysaccharide Derived from Plantago ovata Husk on Trinitro Benzenesulfonic Acid-induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

Background: Ulcerative colitis, an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory illness of the intestinal mucosa is primarily fuelled by inflammation and oxidative stress. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Plantago ovata husk in mice with Trinitro Benzenesulfonic Acid (TNBS)-induced Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Materials and Methods: BALB/c mice were exposed to TNBS intrarectally, causing ulcerative colitis. All mice received diet supplemented with Plantago ovata husk polysaccharide for 6 days, and their clinical symptoms were identified and evaluated. Following sacrifice, analyses of macroscopic and microscopic damage, intestinal oxidative stress levels, and antioxidant enzyme levels were performed. The colon's histological characteristics were also examined. Results: In comparison to the induced group, the highest dose significantly reduced the ulcer index, the histopathologic damage, and levels of NO, LPO, and MPO in tissues. Furthermore, SOD and GSH levels were increased restoring the balance of oxidants in colonic mucosa. The healing of injured tissues was also evident from the histology analysis. Conclusion: In higher doses, P. ovata husk extract significantly lowers mucosal damage and inflammation in mice with UC. P. ovata husk extract showed moderate protective effects and can be beneficial in treating Ulcerative colitis.