Potential of Ethanol Extract of Suruhan Leaves (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth) in Regulating TNF-α, VEGF and Histopathological Changes in Wounds in Mice with Diabetic Ulcers

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic and progressive metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body is unable to use the insulin produced effectively. One of the complaints that occur in DM patients is the appearance of wounds that are difficult to heal or are called diabetic ulcers. Diabetic ulcers and gangrene cases in Indonesia are the most common cases encountered in hospitals. The general aim of this study was to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of suruhan leaves (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth) on levels of TNF-α, VEGF and wound histopathology in white Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as a model of diabetic ulcers. Materials and Methods: The research design with a posttest-only controlled group design is a laboratory experiment on male white Wistar rats, a model of diabetes mellitus with ulcers. Results: Phytochemical screening results revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, phenols and tannins in rosella extract. In this study, a significant difference (p<0.05) was found between all research groups but not find a significant difference (p>0.05) between all research groups on VEGF levels. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that ethanol extract at a dose of 40 mg/ kg BW was better in terms of reducing inflammation levels and collagen formation in diabetic rat ulcer wounds. As well as improving the histopathology of diabetic ulcer wounds. This shows that the ethanol extract at a dose of 40 mg/kg BB has the potential to heal wounds.