Original ArticleInternational Journal of Pharmaceutical InvestigationVol. 10 | Issue 4 | pp. 586–589Open access
A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Oral Ketorolac Versus Intramuscular Tramadol After Third Molar Surgery
- 1*
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostics Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkarj, SAUDI ARABIA.
Published in International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
Correspondence: Fazil Arshad Nasyam
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostics Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkarj, SAUDI ARABIA.
Email: drfazilpsau@gmail.com
- Received:
- Sep 5, 2019
- Accepted:
- Jan 25, 2020
- DOI:
- 10.5330/ijpi.2020.4.102
How to cite
Nasyam, F. A. A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Oral Ketorolac Versus Intramuscular Tramadol After Third Molar Surgery. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation, 10(4), 586–589. https://doi.org/10.5330/ijpi.2020.4.102
Abstract
Background: Pain due to dental extraction, particularly after the third molar extraction causes discomfort to patients. Different types of analgesics used to manage pain in such cases include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids. Objectives: To evaluate the pre-emptive analgesic effectiveness of oral ketorolac and intramuscular (IM) tramadol following lower third molar surgeries. Materials and Methods: A total 60 subjects with impacted mandibular third molars were included in our study. They were randomized into two treatment groups, each with 30 patients. Group A: oral ketorolac 10 mg and IM placebo (1 mL saline solution); Group B: oral placebo (tablet similar to oral ketorolac) and IM tramadol 50 mg diluted in 1 mL saline solution. The treatment regimen were given half an hour before the start the surgery. The parameters evaluated were pain intensity, the time of first analgesic rescue medication and total analgesic consumption. Results: We found that the time of first rescue analgesic medication was longer in oral ketorolac group than IM tramadol group (P=0.01). Group A patients experienced less pain than Group B patients. Conclusion: We found that oral ketorolac group of patients had an enhanced analgesic effectiveness and a longer time of first rescue analgesic than those taking intramuscular tramadol.
Keywords
Subject
Article metadata
| Title | A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Comparison of Analgesic Efficacy of Oral Ketorolac Versus Intramuscular Tramadol After Third Molar Surgery |
|---|---|
| Authors | Fazil Arshad Nasyam |
| Affiliations | Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostics Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkarj, SAUDI ARABIA. |
| Corresponding author | drfazilpsau@gmail.com |
| Journal | International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation |
| Volume / Issue | Vol. 10, Issue 4 |
Also in this issue
- A Review on Natural Sources of Antimalarials: Fungi and Plantspp. 417–422
- Clinical Utilization of Non-Anticoagulant - A Reviewpp. 423–429
- Solubility Enhancement of BCS Classified II/IV Drug – Solid Dispersion of Apixaban by Solvent Evaporationpp. 430–436
- Physiochemical and Structural Characterization of Biosurfactant Produced by Halophilic Pseudomonas aeruginosa ENO14 Isolated from Seawaterpp. 437–444
- Preparation and Investigation of Gastro-Retentive Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Clarithromycin-Resin Complexpp. 445–451
Recommended articles
- Aqueous Methanol Extracts of Cochlospermum tinctorium (A. Rich) Possess Analgesic and Anti-infammatory Activities
Ahmed TS, Magaji MG, Yaro AH · Journal of Young Pharmacists
- Tramadol Induced Hypoglycaemia: A Case Report
Dhruv Zaveri, Riki Patel, Pankti Solanki · Journal of Pharmacy Practice and Community Medicine
- Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Oxalis dehradunensis Raizada in Rats
Sudhakar Kaushik, Priyanka Bhandari, Amisha Bhandari · Pharmacognosy Research
- Perioperative Administration of Oral Melatonin for Hemodynamic and Analgesic Control during Dental Implant Placement: A Clinical Study
Pavithran Janagarathinam, Arvina Rajasekar · Pharmacognosy Research
- Smart Manipulated UV Spectroscopic Methods for Resolving the Overlapped Spectra for Quality Control of Two Analgesic Binary Combination Formulations
Mahesh Attimarad, Bandar Aldhubiab, Sreeharsha Nagaraja · Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
Readers Also Viewed
AMR Curator-An Interactive Platform for Analysing AMR Literature Using NLP
Umesh Rani, Naval Singh, Deepshikha Kaushik
Aug 11, 2026
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Foetal Imprinting: Integrating Garbha-Sanskar with Prenatal Stress and Cognitive Development
Manoj Mahavir Khavate, Dipess Ramdas Chikane, Sanket Rajendra Vakte
Aug 11, 2026
Preliminary Phytochemical Investigation and Screening of Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf Extracts of Artocarpus altilis
Vasugi Raman, D. Sudhahar, K. Anandarajagopal
Sep 10, 2012