The Phytochemical and Pharmacological Effects of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis: A Review

Medicinal plants play important roles in the treatment of various diseases. The aim of this review is to compile and document the phytochemical properties and the pharmacological effect in different parts of the various extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. The information was collected from various electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scifinder and articles published in English. Previous studies have revealed that the leaves of the plant contain important constituents such as tannins, saponins, glycosides, f lavonoids, and terpenoids, while the petals contain compounds such as quercetin, kaempferol, and anthocyanins. The chemical composition of the plant may vary depending on the color of the petals, with red petals having more anthocyanins and white petals having slightly higher levels of tannins. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-microbial and anti-diabetic activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis have been documented. This review will contribute to a more organized f inding on the pharmacological effects of Hibiscus rosa sinensis and invigorate further studies.