Effect of Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Andrographis paniculata and Adathoda vasica and Role of Trace Elements in Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent general health worry disorder, causing a significant fatality and long-term medical problems. It is a comprehensive biochemical condition of high blood sugar, insulin resistance and insulin deficiency or insufficiency, as well as disruptions in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. Due to their natural background and fewer complications than manufactured pharmaceuticals, medicinal herbs and their formulations are traditionally employed in a variety of antidiabetic therapy. Objectives: Present study is designed to evaluate anti-diabetic potential of an aqueous ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata and Adathoda vasica against High Fat Diet (HFD)-low dose Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats and role of trace elements in the treatment of T2DM. Materials and Methods: Animals were induced with hyperglycemia with HFD- low dose of STZ and then examined using a variety of measures to compare diabetes development and management across all groups. The animals were given aqueous ethanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Adathoda vasica in treatment groups and tested for oral glucose tolerance, serum insulin, glycosylated haemoglobin, and trace element levels. Results: The extracts under study showed presence of trace elements (Mg, Zn, Mn, Cr and Cu). Dose dependent, substantial change in blood glucose levels were seen with diabetic rats treated with extracts of Adathoda vasica and Andrographis paniculata, significant increase in serum insulin exerted by animals treated with extract of Andrographis paniculata (300 and 400 mg/kg, b.w.). Diabetic animals treated with extracts showed significant changes in HbA1c levels also had substantial changes in serum trace elemental content.