Guava Oil: A Detailed Review on Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Medicinal Properties

Essential oils have remained a popular herbal remedy for various chronic diseases since ages. But most of these products lack sufficient clinical evidence for therapeutic value. One such valuable variety of medicinal plants is Guava (Psidium guajava). This plant has found to have various applications in the treatment of different ailments such as diarrhea, dysentery, gastroenteritis, high blood pressure, diabetes, tooth decay and pain relief. Alongside producing benefits for improving coordination and mobility. The medicinal properties of this plant are largely derived from its leaf extract, which is used for treating cough, diarrhea, oral ulcers and swollen gums. Additionally, the fruit of the plant is packed with essential nutrients like vitamins A and C, iron, phosphorus and calcium, as well as many other organic and inorganic compounds, including antioxidants, polyphenols, antiviral compounds and anti-inflammatory compounds. The phenolic components in guava are effective in fighting against cancer cells and preventing premature aging of the skin. Relaxation effects are produced by certain components like terpenes, caryophyllene oxide and p-selinene. Guava leaves contain multiple compounds that act as inhibitors of fungal and bacterial growth. This plant is also rich in antioxidants like quercetin, providing it with radio-protective abilities, to relieve muscle spasms. The extract of guava also demonstrates pain-relieving activity and is effective in reducing inflammation and promoting the production of serum in cases of liver damage. However, there is a need for detailed research to separate and characterize the precise antimicrobial elements and to delve into other potential medicinal impacts. As a result, once the crucial oil components are isolated, they can be employed as a curative solution for combatting contagious illnesses and many other advantages of this plant.