Anti-cancerous and Antioxidant activity of Pergularia daemia Inspired Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Lung Cancer (A549) Cell Line

Background and Objectives: In nanotechnology, biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained considerable attention. Development and synthesis of plant based metallic nanoparticles with improved properties and less undesirable effects have many advantages over the conventional methods. In addition to performing their intended function, these phytoantioxidant functionalized nanoparticles can protect against oxidative damage. Pergularia daemia is a therapeutic plant that has been explored and identified with excellent pharmacological activity, but less reported. In this study, Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were manufactured from Pergularia daemia aqueous extract; the main objective was to evaluate their anticancer and antioxidant effects on the A549 cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: Aqueous leaf extract of Pergularia daemia was prepared, inspired with the nanoparticle and their properties were evaluated by FTIR and SEM. The cell viability and cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles, at various doses, was confirmed by Trypan blue and MTT assay. The antioxidant property of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated by estimating the Reactive Oxygen Species, Lipid Peroxidase and Nitric Oxide estimation and BAX and PARP gene expression by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: A decreasing cell viability and increasing cytotoxicity was observed in green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles with increasing dose. Our data confirmed that ZnO nanoparticles enhances the antioxidant activity by scavenging the free radicals. Elevated apoptotic protein BAX with down regulated PARP was observed in green synthesize ZnO nanoparticles treated cells. Conclusion: Based on the above findings green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles with Pergularia daemia are effective against A549 cancer cell lines proving their anti-cancer and antioxidant activity.