In vivo and in vitro Hyperglycaemic Screening of Adenocalymma alliaceum Miers, A Promising Herb

Background: Ajos sacha is a shrubby herb and has attracted scientists’ attention due to its antioxidative, antineoplastic, larvicidal, and antibacterial properties. Hence, Ajos sacha assessed in vitro and in vivo diabetes protective properties. Materials and Methods: The methodology started with the quantitative phytochemical estimation of ethanolic extract of Adenocalymma alliaceum (EEAA). Then, the extract was studied for cytotoxicity, glucose utilization, and GLUT-4 redistribution. In vivo study, comprising six groups of Wistar rats. Different parameters of diabetes, antioxidant properties, and lipid profile were performed. Results: Phytochemical screening demonstrated positive results in phenolic compounds, tannins, and flavonoids. The EEAA found a minimal level of toxicity, with no dosages tested causing 50% cell death. EEAA had shown GLUT-4 redistribution assay in a dose-dependent manner on cell line procedure. After NOAEL on acute toxicity, glucose level, metabolic symptoms, serum creatinine, serum urea, and lipid profile were normal under EEAA treatment, and bodyweight, high-density lipoprotein, and protein levels increased. The liver homogenate included more antioxidative enzymes such as glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The histopathological analysis also reveals EEAA’s ability to protect pancreatic β-cell from damage. Conclusion: The current investigation found the blossoms of Ajos sacha to restore glucose abnormalities in the body.