Emerging Applications of Electrospun Nanofibers Using Various Fabrication Techniques

Nanofibers are fibers having nanometric diameters, made from a variety of polymeric materials, generally developed using electrospinning methods. It can incorporate multiple drugs, such as proteins, peptides, antibodies, and small molecules, either loaded inside or adhered to the surface. They offer enormous potential in the biomedical field, including drug delivery, regenerative medicine, stent coating, implants, and controlled drug release. The application of nanofibers in tissue regeneration have attracted a lot of interest due to their distinctive composition and structural characteristics. The application of nanofiber technology has also gained attention for wound healing, considering most conventional wound dressings have problems and drawbacks include infection, irritation, pain, and weak adhesive properties. This review highlights the major properties of nanofibers, their fabrication techniques, novel delivery approaches using electro spun technology for controlled drug release applications, and various other applications in the medical and healthcare field. The importance of Quality by Design (QbD) principles in the production of nanofibers, recent clinical trials conducted, patents filed in the field of nanofiber technology and various product developed by electrospinning technology were also discussed.