Nanoparticles Containing Gel Formulation for the Treatment of Psoriasis

Background: Psoriasis is a widespread chronic disease affecting 1-3% of total population and in most cases, treated by topical application of corticosteroids. Though, the topical route is very demanding because of the physicochemical nature of diseased stratum corneum and so no, single treatment works for every patient. The oral route is evidence for harsh side effects because of systemic immunosuppression which can be avoided by topical route. Objectives: The objective of the present study is to design, develop, and evaluate nanoparticulate gel containing Cyclosporine A for the treatment of psoriasis. Methods: Cyclosporine loaded nanoparticles were formulated by the modified nanoprecipitation technique and characterized for particle size, encapsulation efficiency, morphological analysis, drugpolymer compatibility study, powder x-ray diffraction analysis. Optimized formulation of Cyclosporine nanoparticles further converted into the gel using Carbopol 934. Results: Cyclosporine loaded nanoparticles showed a spherical shape with smooth surface. In vitro antiproliferative activity proved that cell viability was not affected with blank nanoparticles, as there was no effect of concentration and types of surfactant on cell viability causing no cell death. The gel formulation hydrates the skin which helps in the higher permeation of Cyclosporine loaded nanoparticulate gel. Conclusion: In vitro anti-psoriatic study suggested that the developed Cyclosporine nanoparticulate gel formulation exhibits improved dermal delivery of Cyclosporine and also nanoparticles had a superior effect on cell growth as compared to the free Cyclosporine. Dermal pharmacokinetic study established that the amount of Cyclosporine reaching the viable layer is slightly high for nanoparticulate gel as compared to free Cyclosporine. Thus, Cyclosporine loaded nanoparticulate gel formulation might be the potential delivery system for the treatment of psoriasis.