Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Hydroxyurea in Adult Sickle Cell Disease: A Prospective Observational Study

Background

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is characterized by recurrent hospitalizations and painful Vaso-Occlusive Crises (VOCs). VOCs are prevalent and often necessitate hospital admissions.

Aim and Objectives

This study aims to comprehensively assess the role of Hydroxyurea (HU) in managing VOCs among adult patients with SCD. Specifically, it evaluates the efficacy and safety of HU therapy, its impact on hospitalization outcomes, and explores the prevalence of SCD across different patient groups.

Materials and Methods

A total of 60 eligible patients were enrolled, and their medical records were systematically reviewed. Symptoms and clinical data were documented, followed by comprehensive statistical analysis.

Results

Fatigue, a common symptom in SCD, was reported by 90% of patients. Joint pain was experienced by 61.7% of patients, with 54.6% of those exhibiting VOCs. Patients aged 18-35 years (n=54) outnumbered those over 35 years (n=6). The study displayed a balanced gender distribution (51.6% male, 48.3% female). Geographically, the majority were from rural (46.7%) and metropolitan (31.7%) areas, with suburban representation at 21.7%.

Conclusion

The study demonstrated a favorable risk-benefit profile of HU treatment, yielding positive outcomes. Early detection and intervention significantly influence disease trajectory. Early screening and timely HU therapy in SCD patients, including new-borns, are recommended.