Investigating the Prevalence of Pathogens and Drug Sensitivity in Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections among ICU Patients: Insights from a Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background

Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs) pose a major concern in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) due to their association with prolonged catheterization and severe underlying conditions. These infections often contribute to significant complications, lengthy hospitalizations, and higher medical expenses. Understanding pathogens' prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles is pivotal for appropriate management and therapy.

Aim

This study aims to investigate the Prevalence of Pathogens and Drug Sensitivity in CAUTIs among ICU Patients.

Materials and Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional observational research was carried out in Medicine ICU over six months. The study included 753 patients catheterized for more than 24 hr. Urine samples were collected until discharge, expiration, catheter removal, or bacteriuria development, and processed according to standard protocols. Data were analyzed using a CAUTI surveillance form to confirm diagnoses based on signs and symptoms.

Results

Among 753 catheterized patients, 17% were aged 41-80, with a nearly equal gender distribution (51% female, 49% male). The most prevalent pathogen in urine culture was E. Coli (40%) followed by Enterococcus fecium (24%), with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (12% each) following. Patients (0.132%) tested positive for CAUTI over three 7-day periods. Fosfomycin, Amikacin, and Nitrofurantoin were highly effective against E. coli, while Meropenem, Amikacin, and Imipenem were most effective for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Teicoplanin and vancomycin were most effective against Enterococcus spp., with fluoroquinolones showing the least sensitivity overall.

Conclusion

Although CAUTI was rare (0.132%) in this study, it poses a significant risk for severely ill patients. Implementing strict catheter management and a routine antibiogram framework can improve infection control and treatment outcomes.